The volume of a cylinder = (radius x radius) x 3.14 x height in feet.įor a ten-foot circle, your calculator would look like this: In this example, your project would need 1.2 tons of rock.Ĭircular areas require a bit more calculation. River rock weighs about 2,600 pounds or 1.3 tons per cubic yard. Divide 25 by 27 to reach 0.93 cubic yards. Multiply 0.25 by 100 and your volume is 25. Divide three inches by 12 to reach 0.25 feet. Multiply 10 by 10 to reach 100 square feet. Imagine that you wish to cover a 10-foot x 10-foot area with 3-inch river rock. To put this formula to practical use, follow this example. This final number is how many cubic yards of material you will need. The river rock calculator formula for rock under three inches is as follows: The depth of the stone in feet-divide the depth by 12.On This Page:ĭetermine the area in square feet by plugging your measurements into this formula: Additionally, river rock measuring over three inches in size lays in a single layer on the covered area. If your river rock is larger than three inches, you’ll need to convert your cubic yards to tons. Regardless of the size you choose, you will need to calculate the square footage of the area you wish covered with river rock and convert that to cubic yards. Hardscape vendors calculate river rock usage the same way as gravel-by the cubic yard- when the size is up to three inches, and by the ton at sizes over three inches. River rock sizes vary from ½-inch to over 6 inches, making its calculation different from other gravel landscaping material. Unlike gravel or crushed stone, river rock has smooth round edges that allow for more air between the stones. This type of landscaping rock adds curb appeal and warmth to any landscaping project, and an accurate river rock estimate will help your project stay on budget. River rock comes in many sizes and is used for walkways, driveways, and borders. Many landscapers and homeowners choose river rock for their outdoor spaces for its variety of colors and smooth shape.
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According to cybernetician Ashby (1956), mathematicians and theorists interested in the principles of feedback mechanisms prefer the definition of "circularity of action", which keeps the theory simple and consistent. Over the years there has been some dispute as to the best definition of feedback. The development of cybernetics from the 1940s onwards was centred around the study of circular causal feedback mechanisms. This action of feeding back of the signal from output to input gave rise to the use of the term "feedback" as a distinct word by 1920. īy the end of 1912, researchers using early electronic amplifiers ( audions) had discovered that deliberately coupling part of the output signal back to the input circuit would boost the amplification (through regeneration), but would also cause the audion to howl or sing. The verb phrase to feed back, in the sense of returning to an earlier position in a mechanical process, was in use in the US by the 1860s, and in 1909, Nobel laureate Karl Ferdinand Braun used the term "feed-back" as a noun to refer to (undesired) coupling between components of an electronic circuit. This was a landmark paper on control theory and the mathematics of feedback. In 1868, James Clerk Maxwell wrote a famous paper, "On governors", that is widely considered a classic in feedback control theory. Early steam engines employed a purely reciprocating motion, and were used for pumping water – an application that could tolerate variations in the working speed, but the use of steam engines for other applications called for more precise control of the speed. In 1788, James Watt designed his first centrifugal governor following a suggestion from his business partner Matthew Boulton, for use in the steam engines of their production. Ĭentrifugal governors were used to regulate the distance and pressure between millstones in windmills since the 17th century. This then reoccurs in a circular fashion as the water level fluctuates. This device illustrated the principle of feedback: a low water level opens the valve, the rising water then provides feedback into the system, closing the valve when the required level is reached. The first ever known artificial feedback device was a float valve, for maintaining water at a constant level, invented in 270 BC in Alexandria, Egypt. Self-regulating mechanisms have existed since antiquity, and the idea of feedback had started to enter economic theory in Britain by the 18th century, but it was not at that time recognized as a universal abstraction and so did not have a name. Karl Johan Åström and Richard M.Murray, Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers History And its capability to integrate third-party plugins to extend its functionality.Įlementor is a WordPress Page Builder plugin that has revolutionized the WordPress website-building process and workflow by adding modular widgets and modules with drag-and-drop functionality.Īnd not only that, Elementor comes with additional features such as its in-house Elementor pop-up builder. But what makes WordPress the best website-building platform is its open-source nature. WordPress on its own is a pretty barebones CMS platform with limited functionality. What is Elementor? & How Does It Improve Our WordPress Experience? That meets the benchmark for an excellent Elementor Addons plugin for 2023. There are quite a lot of amazing Elementor plugins out there some are powerful, robust, and intuitive that deserve a place in your plugin library. But if you just try them all out one by one, that will be a tedious process.įor your convenience, we’ve compiled a list of thoroughly tested Elementor plugins. And, in turn, a plugin with so many uses will make it easy to launch a responsive website quickly. That will give you more options and a collection of templates and demos that work together. We can expand WordPress’s functionality by utilizing community-made Elementor add-ons. But that is not enough to build a stunning WordPress website from scratch. It was designed from the ground up with user-friendliness and versatility in mind.Īlthough the base Elementor page builder offers sufficient tools and functionality. Looking for the best Elementor Addons for your WordPress Website?Įlementor is one of the best page builders available among all WordPress website builders and customizers released to date. Supports adjust many video/audio options for MP4 files.World’s fastest video conversion speed with stunning video and audio quality.Has the option to preview the video in real-time before conversion.Support default video/audio settings or user customized parameters for video and audio.Support DivX and Xvid avi format as importing and exporting video.Batch convert any video formats including avi, wmv, asf, mpg, mp4, etc.Converts all video formats to Apple iPod Video, Sony PSP and more.User-friendly interface that is easy to use.The multitude of formats offered by Any Video Converter for you to convert your files to, makes it an useful program with advanced features of video editing and converting, and easy enough for the regular user to operate. The subtitles can be loaded from your local drives.Īfter you finish your video project, you can use the incorporated video player to watch it. You can watch in real-time the changes to your video file thanks to the preview function, so you can make all the adjustments you need.Īnother great feature is that you can add subtitles to our videos. You can clip your videos, trim the unnecessary parts and, if you want, you can merge together multiple files, allowing you to create your own video montage. You are allowed to personalize your output file with a watermark on it, or maybe with a custom text. The software will download the videos from the provided URLs, so you can include them into your work. You can add your own videos from disk, or you can provide the link and let the software do the search, after which you can convert everything into a different format. Not only you can customize the output format, but you can also set the video size and quality, you can trim the clip or set the audio bitrate. The program even supports DivX format for importing or exporting your video. Any Video Converter will turn your clips into a wide range of available formats. A multitude of formats availableĮach device manufacturer may have their own preferred format that has the highest compatibility with their product. Besides the output formats dedicated for iPod, iPhone, Zune, PSP and cell phones, Any Video Converter supports customizing WMV, AVI and 3GP formats. Any Video Converter supports iPod, iPhone, Zune, PSP and other Portable Media Players (PMPs) and cell phones. Even though it is a converter tool, still solution is very extensive and can replace a whole range of programs. It can make the work easier for those who indulge in frequent video editing and use resources from other sites. Any Video Converter Portable performs its excellence in converting AVI, MPG, RMVB, MOV, MKV and many other video formats to WMV, AVI, MP4, FLV, 3GP and other popular formats at fast speed and with outstanding quality. The VideoSolo Video Converter Ultimate is a really handy tool as a general-purpose tool in connection with creating videos. On January 15, five days before Joe Biden - who now opposes the death penalty and would like to eliminate it - takes office, a federal prisoner named Dustin Higgs is set to be executed. government has reversed what the New York Times calls an “informal 17-year moratorium” on capital punishment, enacting the “highest number of federal civilian executions in a single calendar year in either the 20th or 21st century.” And they’re not finished yet. To put that in perspective, all 50 states combined executed seven people last year, the lowest number of state executions since 1983. The Trump administration has executed at least 11 people since July, with more still to come. The distinctions may be subtle between a couple of middle apertures, but you’ll know at least which ones are visually sharper than others.As the clock ticks down on Donald Trump’s presidency, his administration has rushed to carry out an unprecedented number of federal executions. You’re likely to see the differences in sharpness in the definition of the smallest examples of type in the frame. It’s bound to be somewhere around three stops from wide open-so on an ƒ/2 lens that would be ƒ/5.6 or even ƒ/8. (You’re also likely to see fairly pronounced vignetting when shooting wide open.) Using a program such as Lightroom, it’s easy to switch back and forth between frames, or even compare them side by side, in order to determine which aperture produces the sharpest results. You’ll notice right away that the wide open exposures and the fully stopped down shots will both be not quite as sharp as those in the middle of the aperture range. Then adjust to ƒ/16 at one-quarter of a second, and so on, proceeding all the way down to an exposure at the widest aperture-ƒ/2 at 1/250 th.Īfter shooting an exposure at every aperture on your lens, import the images into your computer and take a close look at the details. Shoot a picture, then adjust to ƒ/22 and half a second before taking another picture. Let’s say you’re starting with an exposure of 1 second at ƒ/32. Something like a page of newsprint with very small text is an ideal candidate. It’s this detail that will test the resolving power of your lens. You’ll also want a flat subject with some really fine detail. This will allow you to not only check focus precisely but also ensure you’re not causing any camera shake since you’ll be tripping the shutter remotely. But the only way to know for sure which aperture is your lens’ sharpest is to test it.Īll you need to perform this test is a light, a tripod and a cable release-or even better, a tethered connection to a computer. It’s bound to get you close to the sharpest aperture. This rule of thumb has guided photographers to shoot somewhere in the neighborhood of ƒ/8 or ƒ/11 for generations, and this technique still works well. The sharpest aperture on any lens is generally about two or three stops from wide open. One of those tips involved choosing your lens’ sharpest aperture. Last week, we talked about several tips for making sharp photos. Unless I had the dial almost completely at the zero position, the zener diode was not able to regulate 3.3V, as shown above. The output dropped to 0.556V.Īnd what if I swapped the 47-ohm resistor and the potentiometer? Potentiometer between zener diode and input source The zener regulator was able to hold the output voltage until I had turned the dial about three-quarters of the way, or roughly 7.5k-ohm. I started at zero ohms and slowly turned the dial. Potentiometer hooked up to zener regulator output What if we hooked up a potentiometer to the output of the circuit? I had a 10k-ohm potentiometer in my toolbox, so I hooked it up to the output of the zener regulator. With such a large voltage drop over the small 47-ohm resistor, it heats up very quickly after all, that difference in energy has to be dissipated somehow, and the resistor dissipates energy via heat. I hooked up my multimeter to the output port of the zener regulator, as expected enough the output voltage was 3.309V. In the picture below, the 47-ohm resistor is the horizontal device, and the diode is the vertical device to the right. Circuit: * Zener Diode Voltage RegulatorĭC transfer characteristic Mon May 16 23:30:20 2011Īs can be seen from the output, when the input source is reaches a level above +3.3V, the zener diode, which is reverse biased, see this as -3.3V and opens the flood gates for the zener current. The output of the DC sweep is shown below. The SPICE model performs a DC sweep on the 9V input source, starting from 0V and increasing to +9V in 0.5V increments. The SPICE model for MacSpice is shown below. To model this circuit with SPICE, we only need three components: the input source, the resistor, and the zener diode. From my resistor grab bag, I selected a 47-ohm resistor to begin the experiment. The resistor needs to be under 75-ohms, plus or minus our tolerances. With these values I could then calculate the acceptable resistor value. Vz for the 1N4278 is of course 3.3V, and Iz, the breakdown current threshold, is 76 mA. In order to select the right value for the resistor, I consulted the 1N4278 datasheet for the values Vz and Iz. For the zener diode device, I selected a 1N4278, which is a 3.3V zener diode rated at 1W. To keep things simple, the input voltage will be +9V DC, which anyone can obtain with a simple 9V battery. This lab will have both a SPICE model and a practical circuit demonstration. Diode I-V characteristic curve (wikibooks) There key here is that the zener diode is reverse-biased and operating in its breakdown mode. The zener diode is doing all it can to hold the output voltage at the output level for the device, even in the face of large input voltage. In the zener diode I-V characteristics curve shown below (note: ignore the numerics, just observe the shape and relationships), when the diode is reverse-biased beyond a negative threshold voltage, the negative zener current flushes out of the gates. The idea with the zener regulator is to take advantage of the breakdown behavior of the zener diode. The zener regulator is a simple circuit for providing a constant DC voltage supply, and also a great way to learn more about how a zener diode works. A circuit often introduced in beginning electronics is the zener regulator circuit. What Are the Benefits of Taking a High-Speed Train in Florida? If severe weather is forecast for your route, schedule your trip for another day or consider taking public transit instead. The only thing you’ll have to worry about is the weather: Brightline runs during all seasons, but winter storms can affect your travel time. Orlando takes just over an hour and 12 minutes, so it’s not a long journey by any means. Once you leave this section of track, Brightline’s railcars start rolling. The first 15 miles of the route are dedicated to spur and freight trains, which can be quite loud and bumpy. Tampa Station (under construction) Patrickhamiltonbrightline How Long Does It Take to Travel from Miami to Orlando on Brightline?īrightline’s service between Miami and Orlando is 2.5 hours long, with a few stops along the way.Disney Springs Station (under construction).Metro Rail in Bangladesh / Dhaka Metro Rail Paragraph For HSC & SSC | Multiple Varients But only 6 of those stops are currently in operation. The Brightline train makes 9 stops in total. The train stops at stations along the way. Along this route, it passes through Boca Raton, Boynton Beach, Delray Beach, Hialeah, Miami, and West Palm Beach. The train travels along a route that follows the Florida East Coast Railway (FEC) route from Miami to Orlando and then on to Tampa. The distance between the two cities is about 110 miles. The Brightline train operates between Fort Lauderdale, Florida and West Palm Beach, Florida. How Many Stops Does the Brightline Train in Florida Make? It takes the train about two and a half hours to go between Miami and West Palm Beach, one hour and 10 minutes to go from West Palm Beach to Fort Lauderdale, and just over three hours to go from Fort Lauderdale to Orlando. While the trains go between Miami and Orlando, the route travels along the Beachline. From Miami to Orlando, the Brightline train takes just over three hours.įrom Miami, the Brightline train continues on to West Palm Beach, Fort Lauderdale, and Orlando. Passengers will travel from Miami to West Palm Beach in approximately one hour and 15 minutes, and from Miami to Fort Lauderdale in around one hour. The maximum speed of the Brightline train in Florida is 79 miles per hour, or about 151 kilometers per hour. How Fast Does the Brightline Train in Florida Go? In this article, we cover everything you need to know about high-speed trains in Florida, including details about ticket prices and timetables. If you’re planning a trip to visit friends or family members, going on vacation, or just want to explore new parts of the state, then read on for more information about traveling by train in Florida. It connects downtown Miami and other locations in south Florida with cities along the east coast of the state, including Orlando and Daytona Beach. The Florida High Speed Train project, also known as the Brightline, is a privately funded passenger rail service that began operating in January 2018. However, many of those visiting or moving to Florida also love trains and have expressed a desire to see high-speed rail service extended into this fascinating region. The population of Florida has grown by almost 20% in recent years and is expected to grow even more over the next decade. If you're a windows user I wrote an article awhile back on how to kill a process by port number. They will say: 'To open xxxxxxx you need to install the legacy Java SE 6 runtime.' The issue is how to install the older version too, so the programs that require the old version will work. The newer versions will not allow some programs to function at all. The archive is either for 圆4 (Intel CPU) or for AArch64 (Apple Silicon / M1 CPU). Some programs require legacy Java SE 6 runtime to work. Download the latest Adoptium release for the Java 17 branch by going to and be sure to select the tar.gz version. Now you can kill the existing processes and your unwanted process will be gone. Go to and download the latest macOS archive. If you open up Activity Monitor (I just use Spotlight) you could manually look for the processes or use the search bar in the upper right-hand corner. macOS gives us a nice tool for monitoring process by name and port called Activity Monitor. This can happen when an IDE is closed and the process is correctly terminated. So we know that another process is running but it isn't always as simple as forgetting a terminal window is open and running another app. Now if we head into IntelliJ and try to run our application we are going to see an error that looks something like this. I opened up a terminal and ran my other project using the Maven plugin./mvnw spring-boot:run If you want to simulate this issue you can fire up one app in a terminal and then try launching another in your favorite IDE (IntelliJ right?). This problem usually comes up because another process wasn't properly terminated. In this short article, I will show you how to do it on macOS and link to another article I wrote on how to do this on Windows. I received a question from a reader that went like this "I get the port 8080 is already in use error from time to time and I am not sure how to fix it, what can I do?" This is actually pretty easy to fix and happens to all of us. Specifically, we saw that we got a really informative error message when we try and run an application and port 8080 is already in use. Last week I wrote an article on the improvements in Spring Boot 1.4 of startup errors. How to kill Java process on mac OS Sierra using Activity Monitor Pirate Bay is known to use the protocols of Bit Torrent which gives access to the users to a plethora of the torrent files and even magnetic links which are used for gaming. It is even equipped with a well-rounded catalogue which helps the user to find whatever he or she is looking for. 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Product: Madden NFL 21 Platform:Microsoft XBOX One Which console generation do you have Microsoft Xbox One X What is your gamertag/PSN ID Date/time issue occurred January 11/ morning time What type of issue do you have Gameplay Which mode has this happened in Online head to head Summarize your. Haven’t played it since I got it a year ago. But with teams working over the weekend to find a solution, there was a glimmer of hope that the issue could be resolved. UPDATE: EA has fixed the servers issue, check out their forum post. In their latest post, EA said that the next status update would come on Tuesday, November 12, which suggested that the issue wouldn’t be fixed until at least next week. Online multiplayer on console requires Xbox Game Pass Ultimate or Xbox Live Gold (subscription sold separately). As a result, all online franchise leagues are temporarily offline and have been all weekend. Madden NFL 21 Xbox Series XS Electronic Arts Sports EVERYONE Mild Lyrics Users Interact, In-Game Purchases (Includes Random Items) +Offers in-app purchases. In order to prevent the issue impacting Online Franchise League servers from spreading to the game’s other modes servers, EA gated off the Franchise servers. This opened up a whole big can of worms ( which you can read more about here), but all that really matters right now is the fact that Madden 20’s CFM servers are down for the second-straight day. EA is mostly known from gaming titles such as Fifa and Madden. We will continue to monitor, thank you.ĮA’s Madden franchise hit an all-time low this weekend when the developer was forced to take down the servers of Madden 20‘s Online Franchise League as the result of an issue stemming from over a week ago.Ĭonnected Franchise Mode players have been well aware of a problem that arose with a pre-Title Update 9 server update, preventing some users from connecting to their leagues. Heres how you can use it:Sometimes EA Sports has to take the servers offline temporarily. However, a small number of leagues will remain gated as the team continues to work. Initial results look good and the mode is no longer gated for all players. February 16 will see EA end the multiplayer support for a few Medal of Honor titles, including Medal of Honor 2011, Medal of Honor: Airborne, and Medal of Honor: Warfighter.UPDATE: A new update has gone out this AM with a fix for online Franchise Mode. There are a few ways of finding out if the Madden 21 servers are down for maintenance or not: Head to MaddenNFLDirect on Twitter This Twitter account should post updates on server. These include every version of the game, from the PC port to the Switch, to the PlayStation and Xbox. On February 14, 2023, EA is dropping the online servers for a slew of FIFA games, including FIFA 16, FIFA 17, FIFA 18, and FIFA 19. On February 2, 2023, EA is putting an end to EA Sports UFC 2's online servers, which will stop players from facing off against each other in the ring. Along with it, Shank 2 and Gatling Gears are also getting their online servers shut down, with the former's survival mode being made unplayable, and the latter's co-op mode being removed.įebruary is EA's biggest axing season, with a vast number of games heading to their doom. Mirror's Edge is probably the biggest loss of the bunch, with players no longer being able to compete in the game's addictive time trials. Just a day later, on January 19, EA is shutting down its online servers for a selection of Xbox 360 and PS3-era titles. |
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